Understand how organic reserve serve as an alternative source of energy, N, other nutrients, using net photosynthesis - R_D = growth + storage

Understand the differences between reversible and irreversible storage.

Understand how storage sites vary with life cycle (annual, biennial, and perennial) and plant family (dicot/monocot)

Compare stored energy content and the cost of synthesis of lipids vs. carbohydrates vs. protein.

Understand how type of stored carbohydrate varies with life cycle (annual, biennial, and perennial) and plant family (dicot/monocot)

Understand the dynamics of reserve accumulation and use in alfalfa, trefoil, and other perennial species

Understand the dynamics of reserve accumulation and use in biennial species like sweetclover

Understand the dynamics of reserve accumulation and use in annual species like maize, wheat, and other cereals

Explain how environmental factors (temperature, water, and light) impact reserve accumulation and use

Explain how management (fertility, defoliation) influences reserve accumulation and use