Curriculum Vitae

CLIFF T. JOHNSTON, Ph.D.

Professor

Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences

Agronomy Department

1150 Lilly Hall

Purdue University

West Lafayette, IN 47907-1150

(765) 496 1716

FAX (765) 496 2926

e-mail: clays@purdue.edu

Education B.Sc. University of California, Riverside (1979) Chemistry

Ph.D. University of California, Riverside (1983) Soil and Environmental Chemistry. Prof. Garrison Sposito (Soil Physical Chemistry)

Postdoctoral Fellow. (1983 - 1985) Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico. Experimental Physical Chemistry - Dr. Basil Swanson and Dr. Irving Bigio.

Areas of Qualification

· Surface chemistry of clay minerals and oxides

· Clay-organic reactions

· Colloid and Surface Chemistry

· Molecular modeling of mineral structures and sorbed species

· Geochemical modeling and aqueous chemical speciation.

· Surface spectroscopy of oxides and clay minerals

· Raman spectroscopy

· Fourier transform spectroscopy

· Nonlinear optical spectroscopies

· Nuclear magnetic resonance

Professional Experience

1979-1982 Graduate Research Assistant, University of California, Riverside

1982-1983 Regents Fellow, University of California, Riverside

1983-1985 Postdoctoral Fellow. Los Alamos National Laboratory

1985 Summer Faculty Fellow. Air Force Office of Scientific Research

1985-1993 Assistant Professor, Associate Professor,

Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida

1991 Sabbatical Fellow at Los Alamos National Laboratory

1992 Visiting Scientist, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium

1993-present Associate Professor, Professor of Soil Chemistry and Mineralogy

Membership in Academic, Professional and Scholarly Societies

American Chemical Society

American Association for the Advancement of Science

Clay Minerals Society

Soil Science Society of Agronomy

Mineralogical Society of America

Awards and Honors

1982 Graduate Regents Fellows at the University of California, Riverside

1983 Sigma Xi

1983 Gamma Sigma Delta

1985 Recognized in “Outstanding Young Men in America”

1992 Awarded K.U. Leuven Visiting Faculty Fellowship (Leuven, Belgium)

1992-95 Associate Editor of Clays and Clay Minerals

1997 Elected as Councilor for the Clay Minerals Society

1999 General Chair for the 1999 Clay Minerals Society Meetings

1999 Associate Editor for the Soil Science Society of America Journal (term begins 1 Jan 2000).

2001 Marion L. and Chrystie M. Jackson Award, Clay Minerals Society

PUBLICATIONS

1) Holtzclaw^*, K. H.; Schaumberg^*, G. D.;LeVesque, C.S.; Sposito, G.; Heick, J.A.; and C.T. Johnston. Analytical properties of the soluble, metal-complexing fractions in sludge-soil mixtures: V. Amino acids, hexosamines, and other carbohydrates in fulvic acid, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 44:736-740, 1980.

2) Sposito^*, G., Holtzclaw, K.H., Johnston, C.T., and LeVesque, C.S. Thermodynamics of sodium-copper exchange on Wyoming bentonite at 298 K. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 45:1079-1084, 1981.

3) Sposito^*, G., Holtzclaw, K.H., LeVesque, C.S.; and Johnston, C.T. Trace metal chemistry in arid zone field soils amended with sewage sludge: II. Comparative study of the fulvic acid fraction, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 46:265-275, 1982.

4) Johnston^*, C.T., Sposito G., Bocian, D. F., and Birge, R.R. A vibrational spectroscopic study of the interlamellar kaolinite-dimethyl sulfoxide complex. J. Phys. Chem. 88:5959-5964, 1984.

5) Johnston^*, C.T., and Swanson, B.I. Temperature dependence of the vibrational spectra of acetanilide: Davydov solitons or Fermi coupling? Chemical Physics Letters 114:547-552, 1984.

6) Johnston^*, C.T., G. Sposito, and R. R. Birge. Raman spectroscopic study of kaolinite in aqueous suspension, Clays and Clay Min. 33:483-489, 1985.

7) Johnston^*, C.T.; and Sposito^*, G. Disorder and early sorrow. Progress in the chemical speciation of the soil solution. p. 89-100. In Future developments in soil science research, L.L. Boersma (ed.), Soil Sci. Soc. of Am. Publications, Madison, WI., 1987.

8) Scott^*, A.C., Bigio, I.J., and Johnston, C.T. Polarons in acetanilide. Physical Review B. B39:12883-12887, 1989.

9) Johnston^*, C.T., and Stone, D.A. The Influence of hydrazine on the vibrational modes of kaolinite. Clays and Clay Minerals 38:121-128, 1990.

10) Johnston^*, C.T., Agnew^*, S.F., and D. L. Bish, D.L. Polarized single crystral FT-IR study of the Keokuk kaolinite and Ouray dickite. Clays and Clay Minerals 38:573-583, 1990.

11) Johnston^*, C.T. Raman and FT-IR spectra of the kaolinite-hydrazine intercalate. p. 432-454. Chapter 22 In Spectroscopic characterization of minerals and their surfaces, L.M. Coyne, S.W.S. McKeever, and D.F. Blake (eds.), Am. Chem. Soc. Books Series #415, Washington, D. C., 1990.

12) Johnston^*, C.T., Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Chapter 5 in: Instrumental Surface Analysis of Geologic Materials. D. L. Perry (ed.) VCH Publishers, New York, NY. pp. 121-155, 1990.

13) Johnston^*, C.T., Tipton, T., Stone, D.A., Erickson, C., and Trabue, S.L. Vibrational and electronic spectroscopic study of p-dimethoxybenzene adsorbed on Cu-montrmorillonite. Langmuir 7:289-296, 1991.

14) Ince^*, E., Johnston^*, C.T., and Moudgil, B.M. FT-IR spectroscopic study of adsorption of oleic acid/oleate on surfaces of apatite and dolomite. Langmuir 7:1453-1457, 1991.

15) Johnston^*, C.T., Swanson, B.I., and Agnew, S. F. Low frequency vibrational spectra of crystalline acetanilide at low temperature and high pressure. J. Phys. Chem. 95: 5281-5286, 1991.

16) Johnston^*, C.T., Tipton^* T., Trabue, S.L., Erickson C.; and Stone, D.A. Vapor phase sorption of p-xylene on Co- and Cu-exchanged SAz-1 montmorillonite. Environ. Sci. & Technol. 26:382-390, 1992.

17) Pennell^*, K. D., Rhue^* R.D., Rao, P.S.C., Johnston, C.T. Vapor phase sorption of p-xylene and water on soils and clay minerals. Environ. Sci. & Technol. 26:756-763, 1992.

18) Jaynes^*, W. F., Traina, S.F., Bigham, J.M. and Johnston, C.T. Preparation and characterization of reduced-charge hectorites. Clays and Clay Minerals 40:397-405, 1992.

19) Johnston^*, C.T., Sposito, G. and Erickson, C. Vibrational probe studies of water interactions with montmorillonite. Clays and Clay Miner. 40:722-730, 1992.

20) Bish^*, D. and Johnston^*, C.T. Rietveld stuctural refinement of dickite at 12 K. Clays and Clay Minerals 41:297-304, 1993.

21) Tipton^*, T., Johnston^*, C.T., Trabue, S.L., Erickson, C., Stone, D.A. Gravimetric/FTIR apparatus for the study of vapor sorption on clay films. Review of Scientific Instruments 64:1091-1092, 1993.

22) Hinedi^*, Z.H., Johnston ^*, C.T. and Erickson, C. Chemisorption of benzene on Cu-montmorillonite as characterized by FTIR and ¹³C MAS NMR. Clays and Clay Minerals 41:87-94, 1993.

23) Johnston^*, C.T.; Sposito, G.; Earl, W. Characterization of Environmental Particles by Fourier Transform Infrared and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy" Chapter 1 in Environmental Particles Volume 2 in the Environmental Analytical and Physical Chemistry Series J. Buffle and H. P. van Leeuwen (eds.) Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. pp. 1-36, 1993.

24) Schulze^*, D. G.; Johnston, C.T., and Bleam, W.F. Visualization of clay mineral structures. In Clays: Controlling the Environment. G.J. Churchman, R.W. Fitzpatrick and R.A. Eggleton (eds.) 10th International Clay Conference Proc., Adelaide Australia. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Australia, pp. 15-18, 1993.

25) Johnston^*, C.T.; Davis^*, W.; Erickson, C.; and Delfino, J. FTIR Spectroscopic Characterization of Humic In Substances Humic substances in the global environment and implications on human health. p. 145-152. N. Senesi and T.M. Miano (ed.), 1994.

26) Okuda^*, I., Johnston^*, C.T. and Rao, P.S.C. Accessibility of solutes to geometrically rough (fractal) surfaces of natural sorbents. Chemosphere 30:2:389-395, 1995.

27) Johnston^*, C.T.; and Earl, W. Vibrational and NMR probe studies of water interactions with homoionic SAz-1 montmorillonite. Chapter 9 in Metal speciation and contamination of Soil. H.E. Allen, C.P. Huang, G.W. Bailey, and A.R. Bowes (eds.) Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL p. 237-254., 1995.

28) Johnston^*, C.T. Sorption of Organic Compounds on Clay Minerals: A surface functional group approach. Chapter 1 in Organic Pollutants in the Environment. B. Sawhney (ed.) Clay Minerals Society, Boulder Co. pp. 1-44, 1996.

29) Johnston^*, C.T.; Farmer, W.; and Aochi, Y. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Chapter 10 in: "Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 3. Chemical Methods, Third Edition," D. Sparks (ed.), Soil Sci. Soc. of Am. Book Series no. 5., Madison, Wisconsin. p 269-321, 1996.

30) Madari^*, B., Micheli, E., Johnston^*, C.T., Graveel, J.G. and Czinkota I. Long term effects of tillage on the composition of soil organic matter: spectroscopic characterization. Agrokem Es Talajtan 46, 127-134, 1997.

31) Earl^*, W.; and Johnston^*, C.T. Chemical Speciation of Sorbed Compounds on Environmental Particles using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy” Chapter 7 in Environmental Particles Volume 4 in the Environmental Analytical and Physical Chemistry Series P.M. Huang and N. Senesi (eds.) pp. 251-280, 1997.

32) Johnston^*, C.T., Helsen, J., Schoonheydt, R. and Bish, D.L. Single-crystal Raman spectroscopic study of dickite. American Mineralogist, 83: 75-84, 1998.

33) Bhatti^*, J.S., Comerford^*, N.B. and Johnston C.T. Influence of soil organic matter removal and pH on oxalate sorption onto a spodic horizon. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 62:152-158, 1998.

34) Bhatti^*, J.S., Johnston, C.T. and Comerford, N.B. Influence of oxalate and soil organic matter on sorption and desorption of phosphate onto a Spodic horizon. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 62:1089-1095, 1998.

35) Robinson^*, S., Johnston, C.T.^* and Reddy, K.R. Combined chemical and ³¹P NMR spectroscopic analysis of phosphorus in wetland organic soils. Soil Science, 163: 705-713, 1998.

36) Norton^*, L.D.; Altieri, R.; Johnston, C.T. Co-utilization of by-products for soil improvement and erosion control. Beneficial Co-utilization of Agricultural-Municipal and Industrial Byproducts. S. Brown (ed.) Klure Publ, Dordrecht, Netherlands, pp. 163-174, 1998.

37) Johnston^*, W. Xu^*, P. Parker, S.F. Agnew. Characterization of active sites on mineral surfaces: A spectroscopic study of water sorption on montmorillonite. In "The Latest Frontiers of Clay Chemistry. Proceedings of the Sapporo Conference on the Chemistry of Clays and Clay Minerals (Sapporo, Japan 1996)" A. Yamigishi, A. Aramata, and M. Taniguchi (eds.) Publ. Smectite Forum, Sendai Japan. pp. 47-69, 1998.

38) Nulins^*, K.H.L., H.G. Toufar, G.O.A. Janssens, R.A. Schoonheydt^*, and Johnston, C.T.. 1998. . In "The Latest Frontiers of Clay Chemistry. Proceedings of the Sapporo Conference on the Chemistry of Clays and Clay Minerals (Sapporo, Japan 1996)" Eds. A. Yamigishi, A. Aramata, and M. Taniguchi. Publ. Smectite Forum, Sendai Japan. pp. 116-133, 1998

39) Madari^*, B., Micheli, E., Czinkota, I., Johnston^*, C.T. and Graveel, J.G. Soil organic matter as indicator of changes in the environment. Anthropogenic influences: Tillage Agrokem Es Talajtan 47, 121-132, 1998.

40) Davis^*, W.M., Erickson, C.L., Johnston^*, C.T, Delfino, J.J. and Porter, J.E. Quantitative Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopic investigation of humic substance functional group composition
Chemosphere 38: 2913-2928, 1999.

41) Lin^*, L., Johnston^*, C.T., Blatchley E.R. Inorganic Fouling at Quartz: Water Interfaces in Ultraviolet Photoreactors I: Chemical Characterization, Water Research 33: 3321-3329, 1999.

42) Lin^*, L., Johnston^*, C.T., Blatchley. E.R., Inorganic Fouling at Quartz: Water Interfaces in Ultraviolet Photoreactors II: Temporal and Spatial Distributions, Water Research 33: 3330-3338, 1999.

43) Lin^*, L., Johnston^*, C.T., Blatchley E.R., Inorganic Fouling at Quartz: Water Interfaces in Ultraviolet Photoreactors III: Numerical Modeling, Water Research 33: 3339-3347, 1999.

44) Xu^*, W., Johnston^*, C.T., Parker, P. and Agnew, S.F. Infrared study of water sorption on Swy-1 and SAz-1 montmorillonite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 48:120-131, 2000.

45) Wang^*, S.L., Johnston^*, C.T. Assignment of the structural OH stretching bands of gibbsite. American Mineralogist, 85:739-744, 2000.

46) Burrell, L.S.; Johnston, C.T., Schulze, D., Klein, J., White, J.L., Hem, S.L. Aluminum phosphate adjuvants prepared by precipitation at constant pH. Part I: Composition and structure. Vaccine. 19:275-281, 2000.

47) Burrell, L.S.; Johnston, C.T., Schulze, D., Klein, J., White, J.L., Hem, S.L. Aluminum phosphate adjuvants prepared by precipitation at constant pH. Part II: Physiochemical properties. Vaccine, 19:282-287, 2000.

48) Johnston^*, C.T.; Eckert, J., Dotson, L., Bish, D.L. Vibrational spectroscopic study of the 1.035 and 0.95 nm kaolinite-hydrazine intercalation complexes. Journal of Physical Chemistry. 104: (33) 8080-8088, 2000.

49) Guest^*, C.; Johnston^*, C.T.; King, J.; Tishmack, J.K.; and Norton, L.D.. Synthetic soil from composting coal combustion byproducts and an industrial biosolid. In Press. Journal of Environmental Quality.

50) Johnston^*, C.T.; and Tombacz, E. Surface Chemistry of Soil Minerals. Chapter 2 in "Environmental Soil Mineralogy" J. Dixon and D. Schulze (eds.) In press.

51) Goldberg^*, S., Johnston^*, C.T. Mechanisms of arsenic adsorption on amorphous oxides evaluated using macroscopic measurements, vibrational spectroscopy, and surface complexation modeling. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. In press.

52) Johnston^*, C.T. Application of IR and Raman spectroscopy in Soil and Environmental Science. Handbook of Vibrational Spectroscopy. P.R. Griffiths ed. In press.